If we had to justify the rationale and the aim of the database approach, what would spring to mind?

• Data Independence: both, Logical data independence, Physical data independence.
• Data redundancy.

"Transparency refers to the separation of the higher-level semantics of a system from lower-level implementation issues."

• Thus, data independence is a transparency issue.
• For a distributed database approach there are other issues.

We want to choose and use those distributed DBMS that offer the highest level of transparency support.

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